An airway obstruction is most likely evident Lung volumes: – FEV 1 – forced expiratory volume – FVC – forced vital capacity – FEV 1/FVC – helps to indicate lung problems l e.g. How quickly air can be moved into or out of lung based upon time Static Lung Volumes Dynamic Lung Volumes l Depend on 2 factors: – Volume of air moved – Speed of air movement l Examples of dynamic Limitation l Dynamic – denote power components of lung, i.e. how much air can be moved into or out of lungs without time Pull ribs back down and in Lung Volumes l Static – denote dimensional components of Muscles pull ribs up and out l Expiration (during exercise) – Internal intercostals and abdominals

Inspiratory movements l Pressure gradientīetween air inside and air outside lungs l Expiration (at rest) – Passive process l Diaphram relaxes l Pressureĭifferential (greater inside than out, so air moves out) Mechanics of Ventilation l Inspiration (during exercise) – External intercostals and scaleni

To be pulled into lungs due to pressure differential – Degree of filling due to: l Magnitude of Rest) – Diaphragm contracts and moves downward l Causing outside air And Exercise The Pulmonary System Major Functions of Pulmonary System l Supply O 2 required in metabolism l Eliminate CO 2 produced in metabolism l Regulate to maintain acid-base balance Mechanics of Ventilation l Inspiration (at

How to determine anatomical dead space